高カリウム高グルタチオン赤血球犬のタマネギ中毒時の酸―塩基平衡障害

菱山信也1,2)  廣間純四郎1)比嘉一成1)  藤瀬 浩1)

1)麻布大学獣医学部(〒229-8501 相模原市淵野辺1-17-71)
2)菱山動物病院(〒192-0024 八王子市宇津木750-1)

(1999年6月14日受付・1999年10月29日受理)

要     約

 タマネギ中毒が推察された高カリウム高グルタチオン(HK/HG)赤血球犬の溶血性貧血症例と実験的にタマネギを投与したHK/HG赤血球犬について,貧血発症時の酸―塩基平衡障害,電解質などの経過を追跡した.臨床例は,来院日(発症後1日)にPCVは15.9%,Hbは5.0g/dlであり,重度の貧血を呈していた.発症後1日の血液HCO3−濃度とPCO2が低く,代謝性アシドーシスが呼吸により代償されていた.発症後2日にはHCO3−濃度はさらに減少し,酸血症(pH 7.25)を示したが,3日にはHCO3−濃度は増加しはじめpHは7.38に回復した.貧血は再生性であり,発症後12日には治癒した.タマネギ投与実験例でも同様の経過が観察され,臨床例はタマネギ中毒であったと考えられた.臨床および実験例ともに,HK/HG赤血球溶血で危惧された高K血症は認められなかった.
―キーワード:酸―塩基平衡障害,貧血,犬,高カリウム,タマネギ中毒.

--------------------日獣会誌 53,149〜153(2000)


Acid-Base Disturbance in a High K and High Glutathione Dog Suffering from Onion Poisoning

Nobuya HISHIYAMA, Junshiro HIROMA,
Kazunari HIGA and Hiroshi FUJISE*

*Laboratory of Patho-biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Fuchinobe, Sagamihara 229-0851,Japan

SUMMARY

 Such clinical indices as acid-base disturbance and electrolytes were examined in a clinical case of hemolytic anemia presumed to be suffering from onion poisoning and an experimental case to which onion was administered in high K and high glutathione (HK/HG) dogs. In the clinical case, on the day of admission (day 1), a drop in PCV to 15.9% and in Hb of 5.0 g/dl indicated severe anemia. On that same day, blood HCO3− decreased because of metabolic acidosis. Low PCO2, however, indicated that respiration was compensating for the acidosis. On day 2, HCO3− remained low, and pH dropped to 7.25, indicating acidemia. But on day 3, HCO3− began to increase, and blood pH recovered to 7.38. By day 12, the anemic condition had disappeared. Very similar results obtained in the experimental case strongly suggest that the clinical case was caused by onion poisoning. In neither case did hyperkalemia resulting from hemolysis of HK/HG red cells occur.
―Key words : acid-base disturbance, anemia, dog, high K, onion poisoning.

--------------------J. Jpn. Vet. Med. Assoc., 53, 149〜153 (2000)