大日本製薬(株)アニマルサイエンス部研究所(〒563-0011 池田市伏尾町103) |
(1998年9月28日受付・1999年7月22日受理)
要 約
牛由来のSalmonella DublinおよびSalmonella Typhimuriumのorbifloxacin(OBFX),oxolinic acid(OA),kanamycin(KM),gentamicin(GM),oxytetracycline(OTC),ampicillin(ABPC),sulfamethoxazole(SMX),trimethoprim(TMP),fosfomycin(FOM)およびbicozamycin(BCM)に対する薬剤感受性を調べた.OBFXのMIC90(供試菌株の90%の株の発育を阻止する最小発育阻止濃度)はS.
DublinおよびS. Typhimuriumではそれぞれ1.56および0.2μg/mlであった.供試薬剤のin vitro抗菌力はS. Typhimuriumに対してはOBFXが最も強力で,S.
Dublinに対してはOBFX,GMおよびTMPが強力であった.OBFXおよびFOMに対してはS. DublinおよびS. Typhimuriumのほとんどの株が感受性であった.次に,S. DublinおよびS.
Typhimuriumの野外分離株を用いて作用機序の異なるOBFXとFOMとの併用効果をin vitroチェッカーボード法により検討した.S. Dublin 4株およびS. Typhimurium
1株の各菌株についてOBFXとFOMの濃度の組み合わせ6〜8通りについて求めたfractional inhibi-tory concentration(FIC)indexはいずれも0.313〜1.03の範囲内の値を示した.2剤の濃度の組み合わせの34通りについて求められたFIC
indexの88.2%は0〜≦1.0の範囲内の値であり,2剤が相乗あるいは相加作用を持つことを示唆していた.さらに,time-killing曲線による殺菌作用の検討では,OBFXとFOMの併用においてS.
Dublin 2株に対して著明な殺菌作用を示し,両剤のMIC濃度を同時に添加した後,24時間で生菌は死滅し,両剤の併用で効果の増強が認められた. ―キーワード:併用効果,ホスホマイシン,オルビフロキサシン,サルモネラ.
--------------------日獣会誌 53,1〜6(2000)
Combined In Vitro Effects of Orbifloxacin and Fosfomycin on S. Dublin and S. Typhimurium Isolated from CalvesShuji MATSUMOTO, Noriyuki KITADAI, Katsuhisa NAKATAand Hiromi KATAE
SUMMARY This study determined minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of orbifloxacin (OBFX), fosfomycin
(FOM), and several antibacterial agents against Salmonella Dublin and Salmonella Typhimurium
isolated from calves. For 90% of the isolates tested, MICs of OBFX were 1.56μg/ml against S. Dublin and
0.2μg/ml against S. Typhimurium. Antibacterial potencies of OBFX against tested organisms were higher
than those of oxolinic acid (OA), kanamycin (KM), gentamicin (GM), oxytetracycline (OTC), ampicillin
(ABPC), sulfamethoxazole (SMX), trimethoprim (TMP), fosfomycin (FOM), and bicozamycin (BCM). All isolates
were considered susceptible to OBFX, FOM, GM, TMP, and BCM. After establishing these properties, we assessed
the combined effect of OBFX and FOM in an attempt to determine efficacy against infections caused by
S. Dublin and S. Typhimurium. The checkerboard method was used to examine the combined in vitro
effect of OBFX and FOM. Fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) indices of OBFX-FOM combinations against
5 strains of S. Dublin and S. Typhimurium ranged from 0.313 to 1.03, suggesting that the combined effects
of these 2 agents are additive or synergistic. The effects of the 2 agents were additive or synergistic
in 88.2% of all FIC indices. In time-killing experiments, the combined effects of OBFX and FOM on 2 strains
of S. Dublin were found to be synergistic.
--------------------J. Jpn. Vet. Med. Assoc., 53, 1〜6 (1999) |